Trade Unions are organised for protection and promotion of interests of their members in particular and workers in general. It generally pursue the following broad…

For the achievement of the above mentioned objectives, the trade Unions generally perform the following functions:- Collective bargaining with the management to settle terms and…

Grievances is a feeling of discontenment or distatisfaction among workers regarding anything concerned with the company. Grievance may be felt by any party (employer and…

The causes of grievances may be grouped under three heads- (1) Grievances resulting from Managerial Polices:- Wage rates or scale of Pay. Overtime Leave Transfer-…

Grievances are symptoms of conflicts in enterprise. So they should be handled very promptly and efficiently. Coping with grievances forms an important part of manager’s…

These include:-(i) Open door policy.(ii) Step-ladder procedure. (I) Open Door Policy:- under this procedure, the employees are free to meet the top executive of the…

Meaning:- Maintenance of harmonious human relations in an organisation depends upon promotion and maintenance of discipline. No organisation can prosper without discipline because it is…

Discipline is very essence of life. Absence of discipline means chaos and disorder. In an industry big or small, manpower is the most important factor…

The basic prerequisites of discipline in industrial organisations are as follows:- The objective of industrial discipline should be clearly stated and specify the standards expected…

Empowerment occurs when employees are adequately trained, provided with all relevant information & the best possible tools, fully involved in key decision & are fairly…