The steps in the design process interact and often occur simultaneously. For example, the design of a measurement instrument is influenced by the type of…

Some studies expose an experimental group to a treatment and measure its effects. Such an experimental design is the weakest of all designs, and it…

Probability And Nonprobability Sampling There are two major types of sampling designs: probability and nonprobability sampling. In probability sampling, the elements in the population have…

THE SAMPLING PROCESS Step 1: Define the Population A population must be defined in terms of elements, sampling units, extent and time. IN relation to…

Under what kind of conditions would you recommend. i) A probability sample? A non probability sample? ii) A simple random sample? A clusser sample? A…

Representativeness of Samples The need for choosing the right sample for a research investigation cannot be overemphasized. We know that a sample will rarely be…

What can we measure about the four objects listed below: Laundry Detergent Employees Job Satisfaction Factory Output Ans. Laundry Detergent: (1) What is the perception…

Measurement Error Measurement error is caused by difference between the information desired by the researcher and the information provided by the measurement process. Experimental Error…

A number of errors tend to influence a measurement. Thus, the general situation is: M=C + E, where E= errors. The smaller E is the…

Test-Retest Reliability Test-retest reliability estimates are obtained by repeating the measurement using the same instrument under as nearly equivalent conditions as possible. The results of…