Data sources may be classified as either internal (organizational) or external sources of information. Internal Sources Internal sources of organizational data are so varied that…

The research literature contains disagreements about the meanings of the terms proposition and hypothesis. We define a proposition as a statement about concepts that may…

Applied research has a practical problem-solving emphasis. It is conducted to reveal answers to specific questions related to action, performance, or policy needs. In this…

Business research has an inherent value to the extent that it helps management in making decisions. Interesting information about consumers, employees, or competitors might be…

EXPLORATORY STUDIES Research Types / Methods Exploration is particularly useful when researchers lack a clear idea of the problems they will meet during the study….

The research design constitutes the blueprint for the collection, measurement, and analysis of data. It aids the scientist in the allocation of his limited resources…

Early in any research study, one faces the task of selecting the specific design to use. A number of different design approaches exist, but unfortunately,…

In measuring, one devises some form of scale and then transfers the observation of property indicants onto this scale. Several type of scales are possible;…

The ultimate test of a sample design is how well it represents the characteristics of the population it purports of represent. In measurements terms, the…

In research, a hypothesis serves several important functions. The most important is that it guides the direction of the study. A frequent problem in research…